1. It’s a lot less flat than you probably think it is.

There are actually more mountain ranges here than in any other state. In addition to its 314 named ranges, Nevada has at least 100 more that cut through the desert anonymously, with a total of 40 peaks that exceed 10,000 feet in elevation (the highest of which is Boundary Peak at 13,147).

If you’ve never done it, check out Nevada on Google Maps with the “Terrain” layer turned on. It’s a trip.

2. And where there are mountains, there’s mountain biking.

Nevada has tons of trails covering thousands of miles. Choose from everything from fire-road routes to challenging rocky downhill, like the 35 miles of desert singletrack in Bootleg Canyon.

Or go big — just bike the entire damn state. The Great Basin Bike Route spans the whole thing, from the California / Nevada border in north Lake Tahoe all the way to the Utah / Nevada border in Border, NV. Nearly the entire trek is on dirt, thanks to the fact that a huge majority of Nevada is public land. If you happen to have any energy to spare during the 526-mile ride, the GBBR goes right past tons of iconic Nevada landmarks worth parking your bike for, ranging from fossil sites to ghost towns and historical monuments.

3. Nevada’s all about adventure sports.

Truckee River, Reno

Playboating on the Truckee River in downtown Reno. Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

If cycling isn’t your thing, there are about a billion other ways to get adventurous in Nevada. Any city in the state can serve as an ideal base camp for your weekend warrior needs: Minden’s great for glider rides over the Carson Valley, Elko’s your stop for backcountry snowmobiling in Lamoille Canyon in the Ruby Mountains, or check out the off-roading and dirt biking near Fallon at Sand Mountain.

Opportunities for boating and fishing can be found close to Reno at Pyramid Lake, but if you don’t feel like getting out of town to get on the water, you can even do some whitewater kayaking right in downtown Reno’s Truckee River Whitewater Park.

4. Area 51 is real.

This isn’t a surprise in any way to Nevadans, who’ve known forever that yes, it’s real, it’s out there in the desert, and the closest you’re gonna get to an an alien encounter is purchasing a souvenir inflatable alien or shot glass in the nearby town of Rachel. Thanks to tons of armed guards who’ll literally chase you away if you come too close, there’s unfortunately not much visible from the outside. Unless you wait until dark, that is: the Extraterrestrial Highway (Route 375) is rumored to be the road to drive if a UFO sighting is what you’re after.

5. Nevada’s gone foodie.

Lone Eagle Grille

Outside at the Lone Eagle Grille in Incline Village, NV. Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

Aside from the Las Vegas Strip, where celebrity chefs throw it down nightly, Nevada’s culinary scene has been quietly experiencing a renaissance of farm-to-table, locally minded indie restaurants, festivals, and food trucks.

Case in point: Reno’s Midtown district. What was once a swath of abandoned storefronts is now a place I won’t hesitate to recommend the best poutine outside of Canada at Saint James Brasserie, a selection of over a hundred fancy cheeses at Wedge, or a bison burger with a local brew at Midtown Eats.

6. And there’s some seriously fine beer and liquor here, too.

Frey Ranch Estate Distillery

Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

Craft brewing in Nevada’s been on the rise since the legalization of brewpubs in the early 1990s. Now, with close to 40 breweries and brewpubs, and new ones popping up every day in almost every part of the state, no more excuses — you can do better. Next time you’re in Las Vegas, leave the silver bullet at the slot machine and veer off the Strip to visit Tenaya Creek Brewery, who recently medaled at the Great American Beer Fest with their Bonanza Brown Ale.

It’s not just the craft beer scene that’s experiencing a resurgence, either. Thanks to some recent changes in legislation, Nevada’s distilleries are also thriving. And here, they take drinking local seriously. To be considered “craft,” distillers need to produce tiny batches of booze — no more than 10,000 per year (to put that in perspective, big name-brand liquors sell close to 70,000 cases a day), with at least 90% of their ingredients sourced from within the state. Nobody takes this rule to heart more than Frey Ranch Distillery, Nevada’s first and only estate distillery (only the second in the US). Every single one of their spirits (they’re currently producing vodka, with gin and whiskey in the works) was grown, distilled, and bottled right there on their Fallon, Nevada property.

7. Wild mustangs and burros roam free.

Herds of wild horses have been common in Nevada since 1885. The Bureau of Land Management estimates that there are approximately 25,000 wild horses and burros in the state — that’s about half of the entire country’s wild horse population. They’re protected at the state level, with herds monitored in every single region of Nevada. The animals are so numerous you can easily spot large bands of them just about anywhere you want to venture. The most colorful herds are in the Great Basin Desert and other northwestern areas, where you might even see a rare Curly horse if you’re lucky.

Or just take a drive on Highway 50 out of Carson City, and keep your eyes peeled for the numerous herds that like to graze and run through the sagebrush along the hills by the highway. The Virginia Highlands near Virginia City are another likely spot, though the herds there aren’t managed by BLM, so they’re removed if they become a nuisance (translation: Don’t feed the wild horses).

8. Most United States gold comes from Nevada.

My 4th-grade California education was a lie: Nevada yields way more gold than California. In fact, Nevada produces 80% of all the gold mined in the country today, and actually ranks among the top national producers in the world. You can still find sizable nuggets in every county of the state with nothing more than a gold pan, a lucky stream or river, and disciplined, monk-like patience.

For a more action-packed trip back in time, visit Virginia City — the booming mining town that popped up when the first gold and silver lodes were discovered in the region. In addition to exploring the living ghost town and museums in the area, you can take tours of the nearby underground mines and then go pound your liver the old-fashioned way in one of the many Old Western-style saloons, some of which have been serving thirsty miners since the 19th century.

9. There’s pow in the desert.

In addition to a handful of chair-spinning ski mountains, Nevada has some truly epic backcountry. Read all about one skier’s experience in Ski the desert: How to earn your turns in the Nevada backcountry.

10. It’s the “birthplace” of Mark Twain.

Mark Twain Museum, Virginia City. Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

Mark Twain Museum, Virginia City. Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

In 1861, a young Samuel Clemens arrived in Virginia City to try his hand at prospecting. After spending a year attempting to find work in the mines, he eventually was hired and got his start as a feature writer for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. As his coverage of the bustling frontier mining town grew, Clemens adopted a pen name: Mark Twain.

11. You can see a “sandstorm frozen in time.”

Way out in the Gold Butte region of Nevada, rock formations have developed undisturbed for millions of years. Little Finland’s twisty sandstone landscapes were created when sand dunes were buried and solidified into rock during the Jurassic Period some 150-200 million years ago. Eons of erosion have carved delicate and ornate formations out of the stone, some of which are said to approximate “sandstorms frozen in time.” Others creepily resemble the faces of mutant goblins and menacing gargoyles.

12. Nevada has some of the best rock climbing in the US.

Red Rock climber

Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

True to Nevada’s pioneering spirit, by the time Red Rock Canyon received its National Conservation Area designation in 1990, intrepid climbers had already been exploring and mapping out routes for 20 years. Since then, it’s earned its standing as one of the best sandstone climbing areas on the face of the planet. The Aztec sandstone here is covered with a thin black desert varnish, which makes it stronger and gives it more incut edges than other major sandstone climbing spots in the country. The area’s also known for long, continuous parallel crack climbs, and a huge range of super-long, ridiculously difficult sport-climbing routes.

13. There are petroglyphs…everywhere.

Valley of Fire petroglyphs

Valley of Fire petroglyphs. Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

Nevada’s basically covered in ancient graffiti, some of which dates back as far as 10,500 to 14,800 years. Winnemucca Lake, just northeast of Reno, is the site of the oldest known petroglyphs in North America, where geometric patterns and tree shapes, some as big as three feet in width, are carved into soft limestone boulders found in the dry lake bed. Toquima Cave in Central Nevada has significantly younger artwork, but they’re some of the best preserved pictographs (actual drawings rather than etchings in the stone) in the nation, and a lot more show-offy. The hundreds of paintings found here are colored in red, white, yellow, and blue pigments and feature deer, buffalo, and crocodile-y shapes along with abstract patterns and designs.

14. It’s even more beautiful after dark.

While some might expect all of Nevada to light up after dark with neon and billboards, once you escape the brightness of Las Vegas and Reno you’ll find some of the darkest skies in the world. Thanks to vast expanses of cloud-free desert and dry air, there are more spots where you can stargaze in any direction than there are places with lights interfering with your naked-eye view of the Milky Way.

15. Nevada has over 300 hot springs.

Potts Hot Springs, Nevada

Image by Sydney Martinez, via Travel Nevada

There are more hot springs in Nevada than pretty much anywhere, and with natural springs in every county, you’ll be able to find the perfect spot to soak no matter where your base of operations is. The springs vary considerably in terms of accessibility and development. A Las Vegas local favorite, though, is Goldstrike Hot Springs, where numerous soaking pools are accessible along a 6.5-mile round-trip hike, parts of which require a rope-assisted boulder scramble.

16. The largest intact ichthyosaur skeleton in the US was found in Nevada.

Painting at Berlin-Ichthyosaur State Park

Painting at Berlin-Ichthyosaur State Park. Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

The bones of several ichthyosaurs, giant marine reptiles that lived in the Triassic period some 217 million years ago, were discovered in central Nevada by early miners. In 1928, they were finally recognized as belonging to the ichthyosaurus — and with some specimens measuring up to 50 feet in length, they remain some of the largest ever found. Today, you can view these fossils right where they were originally uncovered on a visit to Berlin-Ichthyosaur State Park.

17. The only visitable tomb at Hoover Dam belongs to a dog.

Hoover Dam

Photo courtesy of TravelNevada

Despite the myth about hundreds of workers’ bodies being buried in the cement of the dam, the only actual tomb you’ll find here belongs to a black labrador mix. The dog quickly became the job site mascot, where he’d follow around his construction friends all day long, even in and out of dangerous construction areas. According to rumors, dam workers all pitched in to make sure their puppy mascot could eat a commissary meal with them for lunch — apparently, the pup would collect his lunch and place it with the lunches of the other dam workers for the day, waiting until they were all together to feast as a group.

The job of project mascot, however, wasn’t without risks. In 1941, after seeking shade from the sun beneath a work-site truck, he was struck and killed. Workers were so distraught by the event that they created his tomb and buried his body onsite that very same day.

18. You have to go underground to see the whole thing.

There’s a ton of Nevada to explore, from mountaintops to riverbeds, but if you want to see the entire state, you’ll have to seek what’s beneath the surface. One of the most decorated caves in the country, Lehman Caves in Great Basin National Park extends underground approximately two miles from the natural entrance. The formations here include stalactites, stalagmites, columns, flowstone, something called cave popcorn, and the apparently quite rare “shield” formations that visitors can explore on underground walking tours.

19. It actually looks like this:

The rocks in Nevada’s largest and oldest state park, the Valley of Fire, glow brightly red when the light’s just right. Along with the fancy sandstone rock formations to walk among, there are tons of surfaces covered in easily accessible ancient petroglyphs dating back thousands of years.

20. And this:

No joke, this is all in the same state. Bonsai Rock in Sand Harbor, located on the east side of Lake Tahoe, is one of the state’s most photographed locations. So much for whatever stereotypes you were holding onto about Nevada.